Management and Group Essay

Reliable, Planning and organizing, resourceful, capable of making sound decisions with her job, not widely affected by emotions †¢How can understanding stages of group development and group properties help employees in a work group function more effectively? As a manager, how would you help employees come to that understanding? Understanding the stages of group development is very important to anyone involved in a group or organization. Understanding the stages can make for a healthy group because in order to perform well you need to have accomplished the prior stages before moving on. Understanding the stages of group development enables employees to work more effectively since results in a clear plan. The stages enable employees to work together as a group to finish the assignments that the company has. As a manager, I would sit down the employees and give them to bottom line. Typically when groups have an idea of the main goal or plan, the individuals come together to work towards that goal. †¢Although the optimal level of conflict can be functional, no conflict or too much conflict can be dysfunctional. What steps would you as a manager take to stimulate some degree of conflict when appropriate and reduce conflict when it is excessive? I would ask tough hard questions to stimulate a degree of conflict when it is appropriate. I would also use conflict in problem solving type training just to see how the employees react. Knowing how your employees react during stressful times is a great thing for managers to know. †¢What is the difference between a group and a team? Would your strategy be different for putting together a group than creating a team? Explain your answer. A group is a collection of individuals who coordinate their individual efforts. On the other hand, a team is a group of people who share a common team purpose and a number of challenging goals. Members of the team are mutually committed to the goals and to each other. This mutual commitment also creates joint accountability which creates a strong bond and a strong motivation to perform. Yes, my strategy would be different. I would have to try to get the group to work towards the same goal whereas a team is already doing just that. †¢In the article, â€Å"Conflict in Work Teams†, the author discusses several strategies for resolving group or team conflict. Which type of strategies seems to fit you best? Compromise is the type of strategy that best fits me. What criteria should you consider when determining the best conflict resolution strategy? I would get the employees to turn their anger around to interact peacefully and productively with their peers. Leaders learn how to conduct presentations, guide discussions, and help participants understand the purposes and pitfalls of anger and how to channel it into constructive and useful actions

Adult Crime Adult Time Essay

In â€Å"Adult Crimes, Adult Time,† published in the Washington Post on March 29, 1998, Linda J. Collier argues about the juvenile laws and her principal argument shows that children should serve the same time as adults when they commit adult crimes. Collier provides some statistics and examples (Jonesboro shooting, Daily City shooting, and her experience with a particular girl) that support her position regarding the information of the article. The diversity of laws among states made the situation much harder because they cannot come up with a specific solution for the problem. According to Collier, the solution is to create the same set of rules for every state, in order to punish the juvenile who commits adult crimes. However, the lack of participation of the federal government or Congress creates an environment of inconsistency in state laws that control the decision of prosecution of young society. Collier’s article is not a good example of an essay that combines a ll three appeals. The essay contains appeal to logos, but suffers from lack of reliable information of the topic and does not provides a decent amount of evidence that clearly supports her reasons. Also, the refutation of different opinions is unclear along the essay, and does not appear to be made correctly. However, Collier’s ability to build common ground, use sensory language and her appeal to pathos determines the good effectiveness of the argument. The article seems to contain a large amount of information persuading the reader to support the more severe and strict punishment for juveniles committing adult crimes. However, Collier’s overall argument seems weak due to the lack of logical, statistical, and supportive facts making it sound more like a complain instead of an argument. She does not provides statistical facts to support a change in the juvenile justice system, on the other hand, she just advises to change the set of rules without any reliable or factual support. In order to support her claim Collier should provide strong facts, such as, number of juveniles involved in murders and number of violent activities related to juvenile’s individuals. For example, the number of murders done by juveniles in 2003 was 783, however statistics show that the number of murders done by juveniles reached over 1.100 by 2007. In her argument, Collier never gives a clear and evident example of how only extending and implying harsher and more severe consequences will help reduce juvenile crime rates. For instance, there is no reliable measure of improvement that shows that Collier’s solution will decreased the rate of juvenile crimes. Logically, a more severe punishment will indeed frighten and make a juvenile think twice before committing a crime, although it wont guarantee a complete solution for the problem. In the sense of ethos, Collier’s essay comes off as a cold and dry argument due to her strict point of view exhibiting any sort of emotion or sympathy towards the juvenile’s perspective. It is important to keep in mind that kids will be kids regardless of the matter, therefore people tend to forget that they are sti ll in the process of growing up and becoming responsible adults. On behalf of that, kids are vulnerable to make mistakes and careless choices without thinking about the consequences. Collier flat out just wants to extend and intensify the judicial punishment, without any concerns regarding the juvenile’s background, family situation, or any other important factor that relates or leads to a juvenile misbehavior in the first place. Even thought it may sound reasonable to intensify the juvenile justice system, there are specific situations that should be evaluated before considering such changes. Such as, being at the wrong place and at the wrong time, facing problems through desperate matters, and mental problems that could lead to a tragic ending for a kid. Collier does not point out or takes under considerations this other subliminal and contributing factors of various kinds that can play an important role in a young person’s life, making her appeal to ethos vulnerable along the argument. On the contrary, Collier’s appeal to pathos determines her side and stand point of the issue for sure. Clearly, she wants to lower juvenile crime rates through modifying and extending the juvenile justice system. Considering Collier’s plan as a possible solution for the present issue, the creation of common ground is stabled due to the fact that we all want a more safe and developed society for the future. Collier argues in such a way that she makes it seem as it is a perfect world with simple solutions to serious problems. That’s not always the case. Life is more hypothetical than a simple extension of punishments and consequences. On account of what was mentioned before, kids will always be kids and if they do not consider consequences, they still wont consider what Colliers suggest. As a conclusion, Collier’s overall argument it is good. The essay presents many weaknesses related with the appeal to logos and ethos, however her facility to establish common ground helps the confident of the article. Although, ethos and logos does not provide support, the appeal to pathos along the essay is a major strength. Collier should add more reliable information, facts, and statistics in order to make a stronger argument and support all the information contained in it. Coming up with respectful and clear refutations to other opinions will create a bigger level of respect between the writer and the readers, resulting in an excellent and complete argument about the juvenile crime. Work Cited Collier, Linda J. â€Å"Adult Crime, Adult Time.† The Washington Post Company, Page C01. Web. Sunday, March 29, 1998.

Carnival Major Aspect Of Trinidadian Culture Social Policy Essay

Carnival Major Aspect Of Trinidadian Culture Social Policy Essay What is culture? According to La Belle and Ward (1996), a current definition of culture encompasses the shared attributes which delineate one group as separate from another ( p. 28). A slightly more specific definition for this very broad term comes from Frantz Fanon who says that a â€Å"culture is first and foremost the expression of a nation, its preferences, its taboos, and its models† (2004, p.177). From this standpoint we will examine Trinidadian culture or more specifically the significance of Carnival, an integral part of Trinidadian culture, as an outpouring of expression which originated with the French Roman Catholic aristocracy and later was influenced by slaves and former slaves. We will also examine the role it plays in inspiring national pride and uniting the Trinidadian diaspora. According to Mr. Walcott we have lost much of our historical legacy and it is from this loss and the consequent necessity for something to fill that void that the innovation of our cu lture (i.e. Caribbean culture) materialized (Walcott, 1974, p. 6). I disagree with Mr. Walcott on this point. I believe that a great deal of history was lost yes, whether it is because it was irrelevant as he says or not is in itself immaterial for the purpose of this discussion. It is my opinion that culture was not simply an upwelling of inventiveness due to large gaps in historical memory, but also an amalgamation of what historical heritage was left behind regardless of the fact that it was in tatters. If we take Carnival as an isolated part of culture, this point can be proven as we examine the origins of Carnival and see for ourselves that it began in Trinidad with a French Roman Catholic tradition of the aristocracy (Zavitz & Allahar, 2002) in the pre-emancipation era as a last prelenten celebration, which symbolized the abandonment of propriety. It was transformed with the advent of emancipation from a celebration in the form of masked balls, song, drama and dance which indi rectly, covertly and subversively confronted issues of social restrictions of class and race, since most wore masks, into a fusion in the post-emancipation period of West African religious practices and beliefs and the pre-existing French celebration (Nurse, 1999). The initial celebration of Carnival by the recently freed slaves was in the form of re-enacting a scene that they had become all too familiar with and which they had named ‘Cannes Brulà ©es’ or burning cane (Carnival). This is one instance of creation such as that which Mr. Walcott speaks of, however we can clearly see that the entirety of the Carnival practice, once taken as a whole, contains old and new elements, old from both French and African historical celebrations separately and new from the synthesis of new ideas based on experiences and the mixing of two cultures together, one forcibly oppressed for many years, and the other, living in extravagance comparatively. Let us now take a look at what Carni val is, what it symbolizes presently for the citizens of Trinidad and Tobago. Carnival as seen by the spectator and masquerader alike is not viewed as anything static. â€Å"It is a dynamic and fluid process† (Green, 2007, p. 206). It is a vibrant, exuberant, triumphant, colourful display on the one hand of freedom from one’s inhibitions as passed down from the originators of this festival, in which fast-paced, up-tempo music urges revelers to jump and gyrate in time with the syncopations of the melodic ‘soca’ music (Green, 2007, pp. 207-208). Feathers, beads, staffs, headbands, bright dramatic make-up, sequins, beads and all manner of shiny things bob and weave with the rhythm of the uninhibited who proudly bare their costumes and newly fit bodies for cameras and tourists alike. Big music trucks patrol the streets with thousands cavorting to the tune reverberating from the massive speakers that take up the entire truck-cab and face in all directions. This maddeningly spectacular display of peacock-like feathers, glitter and lithe bodies strutting to the beat, begins on Carnival Monday morning with ‘J’Ouvert’ which means opening of the day and continues right through into ‘Las’Lap’ on Tuesday night until the stroke of midnight (Scher, 2002, p. 461). This is the part of Carnival that is marketed, packaged and sold to the masses every year. The package includes the enticement of watching steel-bands vie for the title of champion in the Queen’s Park Savannah, during Panorama, the most renowned steelpan competition during the Carnival season. It is not to say that this is all that Carnival consists of, however when considering the diasporic culture of expatriate Trinis, as they are called, and their descendants, these are the images that bring to life that longing for the homeland and have inspired stirrings in the soul to return to Trinidad, just to participate in this festival of colour an d unadulterated elation. The term diasporic mentioned refers to the dispersion of a community away from its homeland to more than one peripheral region, which remembers or has some cultural connection to the homeland and is not fully acknowledged as a member of the current country (Clifford, 1994, p. 304).

The Childhood Obesity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Childhood Obesity - Essay Example Apparently, childhood obesity is not the only condition prevalent in children. Other diseases abound and show high linkage to dietary and lifestyle habits, for instance, juvenile diabetes and more specifically type 2 diabetes. Experts today boldly say that nutrition has a significant impact on prevention and treatment of diabetes. Managing diabetes depends on how one controls blood sugar levels. Firstly, it is important to incorporate high fiber carbohydrates that do not spike sugar levels in the children. This means whole grain cereals, pasta, and bread and so on. Also, parents must ensure that carbohydrates are served in smaller proportions. This ensures that the body’s insulin-producing mechanism is not stressed to failure. A further choice of good fats is paramount in preventing juvenile diabetes. Recommended fats include fish oils, vegetable oils and such like. Fruits and vegetables should dominate children’s meals as they have vitamins and minerals that aid in the optimum functioning of body organs such as the hypothalamus, liver, and pancreases that are responsible for the production of insulin. Foods rich in vitamin C, E, B and K found in dark green vegetables and red-orange fruits. The initial signs of diabetes include fatigue, dizziness and fainting, thirst, frequent urination, involuntary weight loss, vaginal yeast in ladies, blurry eyesight and bad breath and so on. Treatment of diabetes is a lifelong procedure that entails constant monitoring of one’s levels and of course what one eats.... Additionally, parents and teachers at school are advised to encourage physical activity among their children so that they burn excess fat that causes obesity. Physical education is compulsory in schools and this has helped to prevent obesity. In instances where obesity is caused by psychological factors such as boredom, distress etc therapy has worked to alleviate turmoil and help the children find healthier ways which they can channel their inner feelings and find relief. It cases where obesity is genetic, doctors have come up with surgical procedures and medication that can help patients achieve healthy weight say the gastric bypass. (Koplan, Liverman, & Kraak, 66-78). Apparently, childhood obesity is not the only condition prevalent in children. Other diseases abound and show high linkage to dietary and lifestyle habits, for instance, juvenile diabetes and more specifically type 2 diabetes. Experts today boldly say that nutrition has a significant impact in prevention and treatment of diabetes. Managing diabetes depends on how one controls blood sugar levels. In that case dietary habits have to change. Firstly, it is important to incorporate high fiber carbohydrates that do not spike sugar levels in the children. This means whole grain cereals, pasta, and bread and so on. Also parents must ensure that carbohydrates are served in smaller proportions. This ensures that the body's insulin producing mechanism is not stressed to failure. Further choice of good fats is paramount in preventing juvenile diabetes. Recommended fats include fish oils, vegetable oils and such like. (http://ndep.nih.gov/). Fruits and vegetables should dominate children's meals as they have vitamins and minerals that aid in optimum functioning

Consumer and decision making behaviour Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Consumer and decision making behaviour - Essay Example Hence, the concept of status consumption as a process of consuming goods and services by status conscious consumers has gained traction in recent years. Though status consumption was always a trend, the fact that the advent of the global village with its mass manufactured visions of happiness has meant that brands and products that they represent can have uses other than the basic need gratification for which they are made (O’Cass & McEwen, 2010). The paper looks at the concept of status consumption and how a marketer might be able to use status to market a product type or specific brand. To start with, there are many definitions of status consumption. For the purposes of this paper the following definition would be relevant: â€Å"Status consumption relates to the consumers’ behavior of seeking to purchase goods and services for the status they confer, regardless of that consumer’s objective income or social class† (Eastman et al., 1999; Bourdieu, 1989). It is worth noting that status consumption often involves expensive goods and services and that consumers use these goods and services on special occasions and events rather than on a regular basis. One reason for the proliferation of goods used as status symbols is because of the mass marketing techniques of marketers, many products have become commodities and hence consumers have an innate desire to consume goods and services that are perceived to be superior in value. This is the need that astute marketers tap into when marketing goods that they label as premium or exclusive. To take this poi nt a bit further, recent nomenclature in advertisements and marketing collateral for the so-called status products tends to highlight the â€Å"exclusivity† of a particular good or service and to connote that by consuming that good or service, the consumer is being conferred a special status in society (Turunen & Laaksonen, 2011). It has been noted by many researchers that status consumption

Analysis of Group Processes Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Analysis of Group Processes - Essay Example Group Overview This group has been formed for the purposes of attaining a particular objective. The primary directive of the group is to provide Death Star Hospital (DSH) with clear directions on how to achieve a better healthcare service delivery in Death Star Hospital. The group is made up of seven people, all from different hospital departments. Each member has their own responsibilities, and in working together the group is able to meet its targets and obligations (Hogg and Tindale, 2001). The group is tasked with formulating a way through which DSH will increase efficiency in all its departments to ensure a better quality service is delivered to patients. Members of the Group 1. Yoda: Team Manager Yoda is the most learnt member of the group; he is a hospital administrator. His creativity, positive thinking, passion and dedication make him the right man to be at the helm of the group. He easily interacts with people and has a witty sense of humour. We nicknamed him Yoda because o f how he is able to perceive what one wants to say when having difficulty in explaining oneself. Despite being a highly ranked member of the hospital management, he prefers working in the ‘trenches’ with the rest of staff, as he loves his work. 2. Leila: HR Manager When she arrived in Death Star Hospital three years ago, the human resource department was on the verge of being scrapped from the company due to its unproductiveness. Leila single-handedly brought the department back to life, and it is one of the most efficient and productive departments within the hospital. No challenge is too big for this young lady; she is extremely proactive when it comes to finding solutions in case any problem arises. However, her strict attitudes make her come across as aggressive in situations that involve confrontation, and she can be extremely intimidating. 3. C-3PO: Health Science Librarian C-3PO is the Health Science Librarian at DSH and she is held in high regard among her peers in the industry. C-3PO believes in self-drive and is not patient with people who delay her progress. She has excellent people skills. 4. Luke: Chief Resident His high level of expertise makes him a highly experienced doctor within DSH. He is a conservative person and does not talk much during work hours. He does not take personal or professional attacks lightly, and he tends to be very defensive if his department comes under fire. He has gotten himself into trouble with the hospital administrator for putting the needs of his department in front of the hospital’s needs. 5. Darth Vader: Financial Manager His impeccable cost cutting mechanisms are unmatched within the hospital. Darth Vader had climbed the corporate ladder to the manager position within the first four years of joining Death Star Hospital. Sometimes he gets too personal when hospital departments abuse their budget allocations. He is a good team player and a good listener when people give him suggestions and ideas . 6. Landor: System Analyst Landor has been with DSH for around six years now; he is currently the head of the hospital’s IT department. He was instrumental when DSH was switching from a manual system to a computerised one three years ago. He is a good communicator and is able to determine user requirements without fail, and he delivers each and every time even when given short deadlines. 7. R2-D2: Chief Nurse R2-D2 is the head of the nursing department of DSH. Even though she is young, she maintains a high

Risk and Quality Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Risk and Quality Management - Essay Example ..†¦13 8.0 References†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦14 9.0 Introduction By definition and ISO 9000:2005 recognition, quality is the degree to which a set of variables has the ability to meet the required standards. Risk can be simply defined as the possibility of failure. The Risk management is the continuous process of identifying, prioritizing and eliminating potential sources of failure to reach preset objectives. Operational risks that risk managers seek to minimize eliminate or control is enterprise risk, project risks and process risks. (Perkins, 2011) Literature Review; project and quality management Project management processes and quality management processes are correlated. ... Quality management comes in to ensure that the project management process is successful. In quality management, the value of output against the set standard is key. Time taken to deliver the output is kept in mind when quality management is done. The two processes, therefore, marry and work as one in the realization on organizational goals. (Greenberg, 2012) Tools and strategies used In total quality management, some common tools are used. These tools are grouped into categories. The categories alongside their tools include the following basics. Quality tools such as histograms, Pareto charts, fish bone, flow chart, scatter diagrams, control charts and check points. These are used to explain the relationships between two decision variables. In project planning and implementation, they are used to determine which project to invest in. the determining factors are the cash inflows and outflows and the gestation periods of the project. (Wiley, 2006 p 72) The use of histograms diagrammati cally shows the comparison of cash flows and benefits of projects. In risk and quality management, they are useful since they allow the representation of large volumes of data. From a glance, one can tell the frequency and variation of the represented data. In this case, the project planners can tell the future trend of their venture. The data values that are to be measured is collected and tabularize. The minimum values per item, say, output per hour of product A to G is 100. Statistical values on each variable are made. These are the mean, standard deviation, minimum, maximum, skewness, kurtosis, class width and number of classes. These statistics are used to compare the

Stress-Effects on the Immune System and Psychological Disorders Dissertation

Stress-Effects on the Immune System and Psychological Disorders - Dissertation Example The author of the essay "Stress-Effects on the Immune System and Psychological Disorders" begins with a short introduction chapter. The authors assumes not all stress is bad. The right amount of stress is beneficial to the body but when the body is constantly exposed to negative stressors, it affects the health of the individual. Stress causes changes that weaken our immune system and as a result, health can be negatively affected. In this scenario, infections and illnesses can flare up. In people who have been diagnosed with psychological disorders, stress seems to have a detrimental effect and knowledge regarding measures to avoid stress and manage the different external stressors should be imparted to the caregivers as well as the sick themselves. The word ‘stress’ has different implications for different people. The layman defines it as tension, unpleasant external force or an emotional upheaval. Psychologists have defined stress in different ways. The most commonly used definition of stress was developed by Lazarus and Launier who regarded stress as a transaction between people and the environment with interaction between stressor and distress. Cannon’s fight or flight model was one of the earliest models which proposed that external threats elicited a fight or flight response which was accompanied by physiological changes. Seyle’s General Adaptation Syndrome had three stages in the stress response, the first being the alarm stage, the second the resistance stage and the third being the exhaustion stage.

In finance, risk is best judged in a portfolio context. Is this true Essay - 1

In finance, risk is best judged in a portfolio context. Is this true Why - Essay Example in the capital as well as money market in different countries. The whole process is done by the finance manager of the concerned investing companies. The need for the investment market globally generated from the very advent of the securities market and the developments in the line of market participation in the stock exchanges and hence market volumes. These had a cumulative impact on the volatility in the securities market which ultimately gave rise to the need of the technical analysis tool in the hands of the experts to crack the investment market movements (Correia, 2007, p.154). The need for the understanding of the market trends came primary to the fundamental analysis of the companies and this gave rise to the need for qualified and expert personnel to act as investment bankers in the hands of large asset management companies and investment banking sector. Here this study is based on different types of tools and techniques of investment management like risk and return, CAPM m odel, WACC Model, capital structure, option etc. Risk and Return The terminology â€Å"risk† is mainly used for the investment which indicates the difference between the actual return and the expected return of the investment (Kieso, 2010, p.97). On the other side, return on the investment indicates the earring from investment which can be treated as a reward of risk bearing. So, this tool indicates the gain and loss on the investment from the investment within certain time period. Portfolio Theory The fundamental of the portfolio theory indicates to diversify different types of securities in to different types of risk for the purpose to minimise the risk factor. In 1952, Harry Markowitz introduced the idea of diversification. So this theorem was mainly introduced for the purpose of maximising the return i.e. wealth of the investors. International diversification indicates diversification of the various investment strategies decided on, by the finance managers of the investme nt company. It relates to the investment decision made by the finance manager in different securities of different markets, thereby, enabling the investment bank to reap the benefits of investing in different markets. Since, the foreign exchange market operates 24 hours in a day, investing in different markets will ensure maximum returns to the portfolio by taking the advantage of the variance in the currency value in different markets. Currency trading is an important strategy that most of the finance manager adopts for maximizing the portfolio value. Diversification in the portfolio will help in eliminating risk to a great extent, since policies adopted in a country might affect the stock market of a country but might not affect the stock market of another country. Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) Capital asset pricing model is an important technique to know the actual position of the particular assets (securities, bonds, share etc.). International capital asset pricing model is the extended vision of CAPM, used when the investment companies are going to invest internationally. The extract of this model employed to stand the statement â€Å"For reducing the risk the investors should invest in the internationally diverse portfolio†. For example mutual fund can be used as a good diverse portfolio for the investors, who have less capability. The great economist William Sharpe developed the CAPM model for the first time. The key feature of this model is to calculate the risk attached with the investment and highlights

Economics for Business and Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words - 1

Economics for Business and Management - Essay Example At price P2, buyers are willing to buy thus creating excess demand in the market which in turn pushes the prices up to P where quantity demanded is equal to quantity supplied thus clearing the market. . Excess demand Fig. 1.0 Price Mechanism by Adams and Periton 2009 Resource Allocation The allocation of resources in a country is determined by the economic system in place. The pure market system has many sellers and buyers and sellers act as price takers. The consumers and producers act based on self interest and have perfect knowledge of the market conditions. The products sold are homogenous thus there is no non-price competition or control over market prices. Firms enter freely in the market and the factors of production are privately owned (Anderton, 2000). Profits act as a sign for producers to increase supply and in effect they employ the best combination of resources that can give them maximum profits (Myers, 2004). Low prices acts as a signal for consumers to buy. Lipsey and Chrystal (2007) argue that when demand is more than supply, the prices rises and falls when supply is more than demand. Allocation of resources is though supply and demand forces. The pure command market is run by one producer selling unique products. There is no competition hence the producer determines the price. The producer can decide whether to raise prices by decreasing the supply in the market or operate at supernormal profits. Entrance to the market is restricted by scarcity of resources, government regulations, and monopolist anti competitive behaviour. The consumer choice is restricted as the government provides what it deems fit for the population. The factors of production are owned by the state hence resource allocation is the duty of the state through a planning process (Anderton, 2000). Arguments in Favour of Free Market The free market economy is considered as the most efficient in allocation of resources. The welfare of the society is maximised when demand equals su pply or social marginal benefits equals social marginal costs (Gillespie, 2007). All individuals are driven by self interest and thus the consumers determine the demand for products, the sellers produce the goods to satisfy the demand driven by profit motive and thus combine factors of production in an efficient way to achieve the goal or be pushed out of the market. This results in low cost production and provision of high quality goods at a low price to the consumer. There are no barriers to entry in a free market thereby allowing competition between sellers. If the sellers earn abnormal profits, this acts as an incentive for competitors to enter the market thus sharing the profit and pushing the prices down (Baumol, 2002). As supply becomes more than demand and the many sellers have to attract customers by selling at low price since consumers are guided by the law of demand; the lower the price, the higher the demand. The consumers also have a variety of alternatives to choose fr om due to presence of many sellers. Baumol (2002) argues that a free market is engaged in a continuous process of innovation. Competition leads sellers to engage in research and development so as to come up with new ways of producing a product which are efficient and differentiate it from other competitors. This leads to innovations of technology and more advanced

The Modern Prometheus Essay Example for Free

The Modern Prometheus Essay Frankenstein, costing just over $30 million dollars needed to re coup the costs. Therefore changes had to be made; such as the plot, character or action. The director had to edit and cut scenes to make it fit into the one hour and 40 minute time slot. The scenes had to be carefully put together to create a particular style and to create a certain effect. The director edited the scene where the daemon was being created. In this scene there was huge sets, dramatic music and a lot of hand-held camera work and many effective camera angles to capture the enormity of the laboratory. Many images were cut closely together to build up tension and suspense. This was a set piece designed for a modern audience. It is a very visual climax; where as in the book the creation of the monster is shown by, I became myself capable of bestowing animation upon lifeless matter. As a film is intense for a long time and when read a book you graze and they are much more complex; the director has to make it appealing and want to make you watch on. Often commercial pressures mean that the film is not a true or faithful adaptation of the novel. The film Frankenstein is lavish, sumptuous and has high production values. It is full of action sequences and set pieces. Frankenstein is a horror film and its purpose is to scare the audience. But the film cannot be all blood and gore of it would be given an 18 certificate, which would mean that not as many people could see it. Films are censored so that we can restrict groups of society from seeing them. But it is far more difficult to restrict people from reading published novels. In literature authors can truly express themselves. The film s a serious adaptation of the novel and there is an attempt to recreate authentically the period in which the novel is set. There is great care over detail such as costume, sets and props. The first half of the film sets about establishing the relationships, especially between Elizabeth and Victor, this way; if anything happens to them it would have a greater impact on us. It is hard to make a film and still stay faithful to the novel. When reading a novel, the reader has to use his or her imagination to what the characters look like and the background. But in a film it is laid out for you to take in. Because of this most people prefer to read the book rather than watch the film. When the director came to make Frankenstein he had to make a careful decisions about Victors mothers death. In the novel she dies peacefully in her sleep of Scarlet fever, but this had to be changed to fit the film. In the end the director made it, that his mother dies whilst giving birth to his brother. It is very dramatic and looks painful. The stains of blood on the white gown and the birthing chair made the scene very horrific and much more gripping. It also gave Victor and incentive to go and create life and rid the world of disease. The biggest dilemma for the director is to know what scenes to keep and which to change. The directors job is very demanding. The director is the person with ultimate responsibility for everything that takes place on a film set, from the technical aspects up to the movements of the actors. Many directors make a contractual obligation that the released film is their cut. However many directors come under great pressure from the producers to make compromises for commercial reasons. The producers make suggestions in what happens but it is the directors who have the final say in how the film is put together to create a certain effect. The producers represent those who have given financial backing to the film. They can have significant influence on how the film develops. They want to make a high grossing film, with high ratings to bring in the money. The whole project has to be some kind of compromise. The director will highlight the main elements of the novel and remain faithful to those. The rest of the film will be subject to dramatic licence. The film Frankenstein tries very hard to stay to the book. It shows the essence of the novel. The film employs a technique of voice-over briefly at key points within the narrative and this helps to summarise a characters actions, thoughts and motivations. A voice-over can help to cover significant sections of the novel in a short time, as the story is very long and complex. Amy Barrett Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE Mary Shelley section.

Three men in a boat summary Essay Example for Free

Three men in a boat summary Essay Pampady is a beautiful village in the Kottayam district of Kerala, India. Majority of the people there belonged to Orthodox Syrian Christian Denomination. Karinganamattom Family is one such old time, famous Orthodox Syrian Christian Family, a branch of which is the Moolakara Family into which Our Thirumeni was born. Parents of Thirumeni: Avira, Thirumenis paternal grandfather had two sons Kuruvilla and Chacko. Chacko married Ilachi from the Velukottu family from Veloor. They had four sons and six daughters. Thirumeni was the fifth child among the nine of them. He was born on 1060 Meenam, 24th according to the Malayalam System or on April 5th, 1885 (Sunday) according to the English Calendar. Thirumenis baptismal name is Kuriakose. Though our Thirumenis parents were not very rich, it never hindered their prayerful life. Thirumenis father used to teach the young Kuriakose prayers by making him sit on the fathers lap. Thirumenis mother taught him Psalms from his childhood days. All these instilled Thirumeni to lead a prayerful life from the very young days. House Of Thirumeni: Thirumenis father Chacko, built a house in the Pezhamattathu Plot. This was at the place called Patham Mile (10th Mile), North Of K. K. Road (Kottayam Kumily Road) around 20 km away from Kottayam town. This house was later donated to the Church to built a Kurishum Thotty (Cross) by the family members after the Heavenly Abode of Thirumeni. Now a big cross in the name of Pampady Thirumeni stands in the place where initially the house of Thirumeni was situated. Education: As per the usual custom that prevailed during those times, it was at the age of 5 (1890) that Thirumeni first started his official education. There was at that time, a small school at Karakuzha on the side of K K Road. Later this was moved near to the small church at Pampady. Hence from then on it came to be known as Pallivathulkal School (School near the Church Gate). At that time, a very famous teacher (Aashan) by the name of Madathil Raman Pilla Aashan was teaching there. There were two classes in this school with around 100 students. Class 1 was under Kushumbil Krishna  Pillai from Erivaloor. Class 2 was under Madathil Aashan. But, Madathil Aashan made it a point to look after the well being of all these 100 students of both these classes.Pallivathulkal School All that was taught in this school was the basic arithmetic and to read and write. Those who wanted to go for higher studies had to go to Kottayam, which was not possible at that time due to lack of conveyance. If a person studies for 4-5 years under Madathil Aashan, he would be proficient in all the required knowledge. Our Thirumeni was a very good student who had a craving for knowledge. He keenly listened to all that was taught in the class. Since he was an obedient and a quite child, he was liked by all. Madathil Aashan was well versed in Tamil. Thus most of his students also learned the same. Among them was our Thirumeni. This is the reason why Thirumeni maintained a good collection of Tamil books later. Character Of Thirumeni: 1890 was a time when caste system was at its peak. Many Nair students also studied with Thirumeni. They never used to go out for lunch as they were not supposed to touch or interact with the lower caste people. Thirumeni used to take Coconut and Molasses (Sharkara Thenga) for these students from home, so that they neednt stay hungry. Thus from the younger days Thirumeni had the habit of feeding all those who were hungry. This continued even when he grew up. Thirumeni was known for his hospitality far and wide. Never a person who came to see Thirumeni, returned empty handed!! Prayerful Influence Of Grandma: During the times when he studied under Madathil Aashan, Thirumeni stayed in the Moolakara Family with his Paternal Grandma Unnichi at his home in Pezhamatathu. His Grandma was a devoted servant of God who followed the prayers and lent religiously. She made it a point to tell Thirumeni devotional stories of Mother Mary and Parables of Jesus Christ. Thirumeni used to listen to all of them intensely. This created in Thirumeni a love for the prayerful life. Thirumeni and the Church: From the very young days, Thirumeni loved taking part in the Qurbana. He used to stand right in front of the church to have a full view of the Mass and even jostled his way up. He longed to serve on the madhbaha and take part  in the Holy Mass. The parish priests at that time: Rev Father Parapurathu, Rev Father Kochukulathil and Rev Father Aykarapadavil, helped Thirumeni fulfil his wish. He was so devoted in his duties that the achens decided to ordain him as a Priest. Many church fathers, including Kadavil Mar Athanasius Thirumeni told this news to Pampady Thirumenis father Chacko. But owing to financial difficulties at home, Chacko did not approve of the idea in the beginning. This denial of the offer led to several mishaps at their home, including Kuriakose nearly incapacitating his right hand in a crusher when he was feeding sugar cane into it. Thirumenis right hand had a slight handicap which led him to be a Left Hander. This made Chacko realize that Gods will was the supreme and it was not right to go against the Lord Gods decision. Realising his mistake, Chacko sent word of his willingness to have his son ordained. Kadavil Poulose Mar Athanasius Thirumeni Sub-Deaconship on 5 Feb, 1899 (Age of 14) Thirumeni was made the Sub-Deacon and given title of the Korooyo (sub-deacon) at the Pamapady Church on 5 Feb, 1899 at the age of fourteen by Poulose Mar Athanasios, who was in charge of the Kottayam diocese. Along with Thirumeni at that time itself, Rev Father O.C. Kuriakose of Kandathil and Alexanthrayose Kor Episcope of Kadavumbhagam was given the Sub -deaconship. Later he was elevated to the order of SHAMSHONO (Full-Deacon) Life as a Deacon: Immediately after he was made the Deacon, Thirumeni proceeded to the Old Seminary for his theological studies. The main Malpan (Teacher) at that time was Vattasheril Geevarghese Malpan. Scaria Malpan of Ilavanamannil, Alexanthrayose Malpan of Mattaykal and P. P Joseph Kathanar (Fr Joseph) of Chakkarakadavil were the other main teachers of Thirumeni. Every Monday morning Thirumeni would walk to Kottayam along with other Pastoral students and would return back on Friday. It was routine for Thirumeni to invite his friends home on Fridays. He enjoyed treating them with tasty food. This hospitality of Thirumeni is well known far and wide and continued till his last days. Slowly the young Deacon became well versed in Syriac Language, Biblical Knowledge and mastered theological treaties and sacraments. He was  a very good student who always respected his teachers and other scholars. His simple life style, discipline, humility and hard work made him a favourite among his teachers. Vattasseril Geevarghese Mar Dionysius (Main teacher of Pamapady Thirumeni) The First Miracle: The young deacon used to stay in Pampady when the seminary closed for vacation. He usually stayed in the Church and always took care to follow the Church Rituals. He used to regularly pray and fast. One year the villagers faced severe famine. All ponds and rivers dried up. All ran here and there in search of water. All crops were destroyed. During this time, on a Sunday after the Holy Mass, the young deacon declared that everyone should pray intensely for three days. Many of the devotees fasted and prayed for rain. But, some unbelievers took this as an opportunity to mock the young deacon. On the third day of the prayer, while congee (kanji / rice porridge) was being served to the poor people on the Northern side of the Church at the Chethimattom Field, the sky darkened and heavy down pour started!!! People had to move to the nearby homes to have their food. The deluge was so heavy that the vessels, like the Chempu (cauldron), in which the congee was made had to be tied to the nearby coconut trees so that they were not swept away in the torrent.Intense prayer of Thirumeni brought forth Heavy Rain Stay in Parumala Church: The young deacon stayed in Parumala seminary as per the instructions of his Holy Malpan, Vattasseril Geevarghese Mar Dionysius. He used to accompany the Malpan to various places. Some time after which Thirumeni got the deaconship, his father Chacko passed away. His father used to constantly worry about the young deacon due to lack of money. Thirumeni himself has told in many occasions that it was very difficult for him to buy even a pair of dress to be used in the Holy Mass. Thirumeni made it a routine to give clothes to the poor on the day of his fathers demise every year (29th of Kanni Masam). Parumala Seminary Ordination as Priest and Ramban: Vattasseril Malpan was impressed by the young deacons prayerful and disciplined life. He felt that the young deacon was apt to be ordained as  the Metropolitan. But before that he needed to be ordained as the Ramban. Thus on 8th July, 1906 the young deacon was ordained as the Kassisso (Full-Priest) by H.G Murimattathu Poulose Mar Ivanios (the first Catholicose of Malankara). The next day the Catholicose ordained him as the Ramban. Thus Pampady Thirumeni was consecrated as the Ramban (Rabban in Syriac) on 9th July, 1906 by the Catholicose H.G.Poulose Mar Ivanios at the Pampady Church. The next day Ramban solemnised his first Holy Mass. H.G Murimattathu Poulose Mar Ivanios (The first Catholicose of Malankara, who ordained Pampady Thirumeni as Kassisso and Ramban) Ramban in Pampady Church After being ordained as the Ramban on 9th July, 1906 by the Catholicose H.G. Poulose Mar Ivanios, Ramban stayed at the Pampady Church. It was during this time that the Pampady Church was rebuilt and the second floor was built to the Nadakashala. The beautiful paintings now seen in the Madbaha of the Church were also drawn during this time. Ramban used to announce in the Church about the planned work and the devotees used to gather together to do these work, which got over very quickly due to the united effort. Ramban was very particular that all the workers should be fed well. The people used to present Ramban with many eatables and harvests when they visited him. And all these were given away to the devotees who used to come to see Ramban. It should be noted that the more he gave, the more he used to get back. Rambans first teacher, Madathil Aashan still continued teaching in the Pallivathulkal school, adjacent to the church. It was Rambans another main hobby to present the students there with eatables. Thus Ramban was loved by one and all.Pampady Church Ramban in Parumala Seminary At this time, as per the instruction of Rambans Malpan H G Vattasseril Thirumeni, Ramban shifted to the Parumala seminary. There he served as the assistant of Kallasheril Punnose Ramban. The stay at Parumala Seminary, where Parumala Thirumenis body was laid to rest was indeed a spiritual renovation for the Ramban. His desire to follow the sanctified foot steps of Parumala Thirumeni raised the Ramban to great heights. He was also appointed to teach Syriac to the church scholars at Parumala Seminary. Vattasseril Thirumeni used to make Ramban write replies for his letters  from foreign lands like Sheema. Rambans Syriac letters were very beautiful and hence his hand writing very impressive. One day, His Grace Abdulla Patriarch, who was staying at the seminary asked Ramban to celebrate the Holy Qurbana. Though initially Ramban was a bit hesitant to Celebrate the Holy Mass in Syriac in front of the Patriarch, it finally resulted in everyone praising Ramban. Pampady Thirumeni as a Ramban Disciples Of Ramban During his stay in Parumala Seminary, Ramban got two disciples: Vattamala Abraham Deacon and Mannukaduppil Kuriakose Deacon. Ramban with the First Catholicose: When the First Catholicose, H.G Murimattathu Poulose Mar Ivanios was not well and was resting at Parumala Seminary, Ramban used to look after him with due care and love. The Catholicose used to term Ramban lovingly as My Ramban (Ente Rambachan). The Bava Thirumeni used to love Ramban so much. Bava played a major role in forcing the Ramban to become the Catholicose, when Vakathanam Kaaruchira Pilaksinos Metropolitan disagreed to continue as the Catholicose.Second Catholicose (Vakathanam Bava / Vailcattu Bava) Pothenpuram Hill Pothenpuram is a beautiful hill which interlocks the places Pampady and Meenadom. Pampady lies in the Eastern region of the hill and the rest is Meenadom. It was told that a deep hum was heard if someone stamps the Hill, and hence the origin of the name Pothenpuram. It is also believed that the name originated because there were many Bisons during that time and hence the name Pothenpuram. (A literal translation may well be Bison Back). Pigs, porcupines and bisons used to roam freely along this tract. Mar Kuriakose Dayara and the Church is situated on the raised plateau, amidst this hill.Pampady Dayara, amidst Pothenpuram Hill Placed centrally between Meenadom and Pampady, it invites co-operative effort from both Meenadom and Pampady region for its all round development. The mile long hill is skirted by fertile paddy fields yielding a rich harvest of mundakan and viruppu varieties of paddy. Till well into the 20th century human inhabitation was limited to the fringes of these paddy fields, it is said. The land was ideal for coconut and areca nut farms. Treated and processed areca nut found ready market in bordering Tamil Nadu areas. Traders from Tamil Nadu used to come and stay in Pothenpuram to deal in  Korappakku giving the name adakkakalom to one of the plain stretches on the hill. The Pothenpuram Hill was initially in the hands of an ancient aristocratic Nair family (Karthavu Family), who resided at a place called Kothala in Pampady. Later this family grew financially weak and hence the various regions of the Hill was sold to different people. Thus the place where the Dayara lies came in the hands of Madathil Aashan, the revered teacher of Pampady Thirumeni.Madathil Aashan Reason for the establishment of Dayara: In the mean time, Pampady Church was closed due to the fight between the two factions. This disturbed Rambans prayerful and pious life. It came to the extent that Ramban had to move away from the Church. It was indeed painful for Ramban to leave behind Pampady Church where he was staying the past ten years and which was his home church. One day, on the way to the Pallithazham school, Madathil Aashan visited Ramban. Seeing the grief-stricken face of Ramban, Aashan understood the situation. Ramban explained about the fight and the result of the same in a sorrowful tone. Aashan comforted the Ramban by suggesting that the Ramban make an ashram and a Church and to move over there. Ramban wanted to know how it could be done, as there was no money. Aashan assured that he would give the land and that the rest would all take place without any worry. Ramban conceded to his beloved masters advice. Ramban invited Cheriya Madathil Velyachan (Valiya Yacob Kathanar) also to see the place. Hence along with the Achan and Aashan, Ramban went and saw Pothenpuram. They liked it immensely and the registration took place on 15 Chingam, 1087. Construction of the Well: The construction of a well was started on 8th Idavom, 1089. Ramban used to come from Pampady to inspect the work. On 25th of that month, Ramban built a tent. On 31st, water was seen in the well. On 1st Midhunam, Ramban started staying in the tent there. After the construction of the well was over, Ramban thought about constructing the Dayara. But due to lack of money, it did not proceed. Instead Ramban decided to rent a house. But due to unavailability of a suitable house, even that idea was abandoned. Slowly Ramban, with the help of a few others started collecting money for the construction of Dayara from the people of Meenadom and Pampady. Construction of the Church: Ramban decided to build a temporary church there at the earliest. Thus the church was built at the place of the current Nadakashala of the Church. Ramban celebrated the Holy Mass for the first time here on 15th Makaram, 1090 along with the celebration of Mother Marys Festival of Seeds (vithu vila perunnal). Many people attended this function. Karinganamattathil Chacko used to stay with Ramban during this time, as a token of his love and respect for the Ramban.Church at Pampady Dayara Ramban: A Guardian for all Ramban soon became a guardian for those in and around the place. He used to take Syriac classes for the children and devoted his time in prayers. Everyday devotees used to bring fruits and other crops to the Dayara. All these were given away to those who came to visit Ramban. Ramban made it a point to show hospitality to who ever came to visit him and gave them food till their stomachs were full!! The same was the case with social service and alms giving.Ramban: Kuriakose Mar Gregorios Thabore Dayara: Soon after the church construction was over, on 13th Medom 1090, Vattasseril Mar Dionysius Thirumeni visited the Dayara. He liked the place very much and stayed there for three days and later proceeded to the Pazhaya Seminary. He christened the Dayara as Thabore Dayara. Ramban: A strict teacher Ramban was a very strict teacher. He used to beat even the best students if they showed lack in studies or indiscipline. Afterwards Ramban used to feel sad about the incident. He used to apply oil and hot water bags to the hurt areas. He also used to buy eatables and present to his disciples later. Church Re-Construction: The stone laying function of todays Dayara Church took place on 28th May, 1920. This was conducted by Yuyakim Mar Ivanios Metropolitan of Kandanad diocese. When the central pillar of the church was constructed, many witnessed a shining star in the sky. This took place in the after noon. The Church was consecrated on 20th January, 1923 by Geevarghese Mar Dionysius Thirumeni and Vakathanathu Mar Pilaksinos Thirumeni. Only very few know who and what Thomas the deaf and dumb, but remarkably loyal servant of Rambachan was or his daily chores in the service of his beloved master. Thomas came on Mithunam 18, 1090, as Rambachans cook. He belonged to the Ooppootil family of Veloor Karickamattom. His father was a regular help for the late Palampadom Vakil. Thomas has spoken at length, of course, in sign language to P.C Yohannan Ramban. Pottan as Thomas was called by some, was very intelligent and had a grasp of most things happening around him. He would take his part whenever he could contribute meaningfully. The way he pictured in sign language personages like Mahatma Gandhi, the Viceroy, Patriarch Bava, Wattacheril Thirumeni, Kurichi Valiya Bava Thirumeni and Julius Metropolitan has been quite memorable. He seemed to pose as though the whole of Pothenpuram was his own. Every tall coconut palm you see on the hill slopes was indeed planted by him, watered by him from the pond of Charothuparambil and Kizhakkemuri. Because they were fruits of his labour he would not part with any of the produce that Pothenpuram yielded. He would express himself without any reserve to anyone. In fact people around had some respect for his temper. He wouldnt even spare Pampady Thirumeni! Thirumenis devoted Pottan

The Advantages Of Online Banking

The Advantages Of Online Banking What is online banking? As we all know online banking is something that we can pay bills by mail and deposit checks at your bank branch. Online banking is becoming much more common. You can pay your bills online and access a record of your checking account transactions online. Online banking is a great feature, and most banks do offer it. Online banking makes everything you do with your finances a bit easier. You can access the information anywhere that you have access to the Internet. It makes your financial life much easier to manage. Online banking refers to systems that enable bank customers to access accounts and general information on bank products and services through a personal computer (PC) or other intelligent device such as PDA or hand phone which enable to connect to internet or WIFI (Wikipedia, 2009). Moreover, online banking isnt out of change your money habits. Instead, it uses todays computer technology to give you the option of bypassing the time-consuming, paper-based aspects of traditional banking in order to manage your finances more quickly and efficiently. The advent of the Internet and the popularity of personal computers presented both an opportunity and a challenge for the banking industry. Financial institutions have used powerful computer networks to automate millions of daily transactions; today, often the only paper record is the customers receipt at the point of sale. Now that its customers are connected to the Internet via personal computers, banks envision similar economic advantages by adapting those same internal electronic processes to home use. Online banking is a powerful value added tool to attract and retain new customers. Besides it also help to eliminate costly paper handling and teller interactions in an increasingly competitive banking environment. Literature Nowadays, a lot of entrepreneurs launch the internet payment system in worldwide and the inter banking and telephone banking system spread rapidly. This system give the advantages of being convenient, safe efficient and economical (Li, 2002). Now entrepreneurs provide online banking as add-on services to the existing b ranch acitivies whole mobile banking is in the initial stage of implementation (Sylvie Laforet and Xiaoyan Li). Safety was also reported to be a big obstacle for online payment (Wong et al., 2004). With the increasing popularity of the internet, more and more industries are seeking ways to utilize this popular medium in an effort to keep up with the changing technological preferences of their customers. These days you can do just about anything online from grocery shopping to making a free phone call to a friend in Tokyo through your PC. The possibilities of the internet are seemingly endless and the banking industry has decided that it will not be left behind. While most people have at least heard of online banking, the majority of them have probably not tried it yet. Maybe its because we find more comfort in working with real people and real paper when it comes to money matters rather than performing transactions in the seemingly impersonal universe of the World Wide Web. Whatever the case may be, there are both advantages and disadvantages to online banking as a safe way to quickly and efficiently manage your finances. Howcroft et al. (2002) revealed that younger consumer value the convenience or time saving potential of online and mobile banking more than older consumers. Young consumers also regarded the lack of face-to-face contact as less important thean older consumers. They also found among the reasons for consumers to be reluctant to use online services were concerns over security, lack of awareness of online services offered by banks and complex bank sites. The evolution of the bank Web presence is simple web presence (Staticpages with general information about the bank), off-line interactive site (Customized contact with the client; online communication through e-mail) and internet banking services (Online transactions). Sathye (1999) investigates internet banking adoption by Australian consumers and identifies security concerns and lack of awareness as the main obstacles to adoption. Cheng et al. (2006) found perceived web security to be significant determinant of customers acceptance of online banking. Customers tend to increase purchase only if they perceive that credit card number and other sensitive information is safe. Websites are essentially a type of information technology. Direct confrontation is an internet transaction platform. Shopping websites allow customers to choose products based on their own needs and provide businesses with transaction platform through interactive communications to fulfill the transaction (Grace T.R Lin and Chia-Chi Sun, 2009). Entrepreneurial businesses are recognized as more informationally opaque than large and more established firms, and the collection of private information is costly (Ang, 1991). Online banking allows entrepreneurs to lower the transaction costs, incurred by transportation for instance, and access physically distant multiple lenders with much lower searching costs (Liang Han, 2007). Although online banking service is long introduce is western countries and widely used. However, in Malaysia, online banking is not so popular and online being used by certain sector. This might because of technology, knowledge of internet and trust among the consumer and businessman. Types of business using online banking are Bank, E-commerce, Online Game, Public Sector, and Private sector. Bank The concept of online banking rise from the Global Finance Houses whose primary objective was to ensure that customers were tuned to their finances from any part of the world. In Malaysia, Online banking is being introduced during year 2000 (b.shanmugam, 2000). Malaysia had started to introduce online banking to it nation through Maybank. However, during that time, internet is not so popular used and the online banking service is gone through wireless application protocol (WAP). Many complaints are received during that time due to the transmission of data is very slow. However, it has being improved after the encouragement of using broadband by Malaysia government. By introducing online banking in bank, the major functions of online banking is using for transaction. It enables customers to transfer their money to their account or other peoples account. As a result, customers no longer have to bring big amount of money walking around the street. What they just need to do is just one c lick in front of home computer (bankrate.com, 2009), for example CIMB clicks and Maybank2u.com. Beside from that, customer also can use online banking for payment. As online banking is functioned 24hours every day, user can pay their bills any time anywhere as long as connected to internet (Gerard, Cunningham and Devlin, 2006) and the proper function of the bank website. By the way, customers also can check there account status through online banking and any transaction that had being done before. Because of these conveniences, customers no longer have to queue up at the counter to wait for their turn. A part from that, ATM (Baba Prasad, Patrick Harker, 2009) also considers as one of the online banking system where is enable customer to withdraw money, payment, transaction and account checking. E-commerce Beside from the Bank are using the online banking, e-commerce sector also using online banking for their transaction of payment. Nowadays, more and more online store are available in the in the internet such as and many young generation are preferring for online purchasing. Every payment or transactions of money are done through online banking idle through ATM machine or personals computer. Online Game, Public Sector, and Private sector Nowadays, online games also provide online banking service for their customers to top up the credits or purchasing item for their online games. From what can be seing, many online banking website consist of online games advertisement and there will be a column for customers to top up. Beside from that, public sector such as government and private sector such as supermarket or own business also connected with online banking whereby to save time and cost (Banco Bank, 2009). With this service, any corporations or government sector can transfer any of money to others easily and all the transaction will be transfer in data form. Method Online banking products and services can include wholesale products for corporate customers as well as retail and fiduciary products for consumers. Ultimately, the products and services obtained through online banking may mirror products and services offered through other bank delivery channels. Some examples of wholesale products and services include (National bank of America, 1997): Cash management. Wire transfer. Automated clearinghouse (ACH) transactions. Bill presentment and payment. Examples of retail and fiduciary products and services include: Balance inquiry. Funds transfer. Downloading transaction information. Bill presentment and payment. Loan applications. Investment activity. Other value-added services. National banks of America have experimented with various forms of online banking for many years. Some of the early experiments involved closed systems where the customers accessed banks through a dial-in or cable TV connection. These systems limited a banks potential customer base because they required out-of area customers to either incur long-distance charges on their phone bills or subscribe to a particular cable TV service to access the bank. With the widespread growth of the Internet, customers can use this technology anywhere in the world to access a banks network. The Internet, as an enabling technology, has made banking products and services available to more customers and eliminated geographic and proprietary systems barriers. With an expanded market, banks also may have opportunities to expand or change their product and service offerings. Besides, now the most services that the companies use are; easy account maintenance, online bill payment, online balance transfer, accou nt alerts, rewards for going paperless. Easy Account Maintenance Online banking makes it easy to keep track of your balance and the activity of your accounts. For those who have multiple accounts with the same bank, many online banking systems allow for you to see the balances of all of your accounts on a single screen. You can also easily go back and forth between your accounts and monitor their activity with little to no hassle. Online Bill Payment Probably the most widely used advantages of online banking is the ability to pay bills online. Most online banking systems feature this capability, allowing for you to enter in your account information for your billers, to pay them directly from your bank account. A lot of banks even allow for recurring payments to be set up for those bills that remain the same each month such as mortgage, rent, car, and personal loan payments. Depending on the relationship your bank has with the biller your payments can be automatically debited from your account or an electronic check may be drafted and mailed to the biller. Any ways you look at these are all advantages of online banking: save you time, save money on postage, and provide the opportunity to avoid late fees with careful planning. Online Balance Transfer At some point you may find that you have to make a purchase and do not have enough in your checking account to cover it. However, you may have the funds needed in another account such as a savings account. One of the advantages of online banking is the ability to transfer funds from one of your accounts to another. This online banking feature helps to prevent insufficient funds, return check, and overdraft fees on your account(s). A word of advice about transferring from your savings account, try to keep this type of online banking activity to a minimum. Federal regulations prohibit an excess of six transactions from occurring on a savings account within a billing cycle. Account Alerts Another one of the advantages of online banking is the availability of setting up account alerts. Some banks offer account alert set up, where an email or even text message can be sent to you based upon certain criteria you select. For example, if you have a recurring bill payment where an electronic check is drafted and mailed, you could set up an alert to be sent to you advising when the bank has mailed out the payment. Other alerts include, weekly activity alerts, statement alerts, and low balance alerts. These alerts work to make monitoring your account easier. Rewards for Going Paperless All of the focus on going green these past few years, the last in the advantages of online banking list deals with rewards for going paperless. A lot of banks offer rewards in the form of rewards points or cash to help reduce the amount and cost of paper consumption. By opting to receive your bank statements online, increasing the use of online bill payment, and using your bank card more frequently your rewards could rack up significantly and youd be helping out the environment in the process. Improvement Online Banking Essential Security Measures Financial institutions and businesses are studying various approaches to the online banking security problem. The idea behind all the solutions is to include some extra layer beyond the user name and password that would act as a barrier to account access. The most popular approach that is used widely in corporate settings, involves physical objects that serve as keys. Most have focused on solutions using software, which might offer some improvement in security at much lesser cost. Bank of America began introducing a software-based program designed to prevent crooks from impersonating either a bank customer or the bank itself. Financial institutions and corporations engaging in any form of Internet banking should have effective and reliable methods to authenticate their customers. An effective authentication system is necessary for compliance with requirements to safeguard customer information, to prevent money laundering, to reduce fraud, to inhibit identity theft. The risks of doing business with unauthorized identified persons in an Internet banking environment can result in financial loss and reputation damage. There are a many different technologies and methodologies financial institutions can use to authenticate their customers. These methods include the use of customer passwords, personal identification numbers, digital certificates using a public key infrastructure, physical devices such as smart cards, or other types of authentication methods. Existing authentication methodologies involve three basic features: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Something the user knows (e.g., PIN, Password); à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Something the user has (e.g., ATM card, smart card); and à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Something the user is (e.g., biometric characteristic). Authentication methods that depend on more than one mechanism are more difficult to breach than single-feature methods. Accordingly, properly designed and implemented multi-feature authentication methods are more reliable and stronger to deter fraud. For example, the use of a login ID and password combination is a single-mechanism authentication (something the user knows) whereas, an ATM transaction requires a multi-feature authentication which is something that the user possesses (example: the ATM card) combined with something the user knows (example: PIN). Financial institutions offering Internet-based products and services should have reliable and secure methods to authenticate their customers. The level of authentication used by the financial institution should be at par level with the risks associated with those products and services that are offered. Risk assessments that indicate the use of single-feature authentication is inadequate, financial institutions should implement multi-feature authentication, layered security, or other controls to reduce or eliminate any risks. Another tip for banking online is to be very aware of Internet banking security. Identity theft is a real and growing problem today. As such, you need to be highly protective of your personal account information whenever doing transactions online. Make sure you never give personal information out over the Internet unless you are connected to a secure site. Also, store your access information in a secure place. Routinely check your computer for spy ware and viruses, protecting your identity this way as well. The important security feature you will want to make sure is in place with your online bank is encryption. Verify that the banking portal has high-end encryption software in place. If not, it might be advisable to choose a different banking option. You can verify this by looking for the graphic, which is usually located at the bottom right of the browser that signifies the encryption is in place. Last tip about Internet banking is to remember that some procedures are still affected by the business hours of the bank. Even if you transfer a balance at 8:00 PM, it may not show up on your account until the next business day. Plan your transactions accordingly if you are working on a tight budget. Use the Internet to shop for the best banking options. Check interest rates on loans and savings accounts online. The Internet can be a great tool in helping you secure the best possible banking services to meet your needs. The history of Internet banking has come a long way over the last six years, and it is only going to get better! Get connected to Internet banking today. Outcomes The Advantages of Online Banking. There is huge competition in online banking service in market and the new entrants into the services are providing huge benefits. First, online banking is convenient. It allows you to perform transactions, pay bills and check balances 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. The bank virtually never closes because it is as accessible as your PC or laptop computer. No matter where you are in the country or in the world, you can visit your online bank and handle money matters. You can even schedule to pay several payees ahead of time rather than keeping up with paper bills or trying to remember when to visit a payees web site to make an online payment. Your bank will automatically send the payments on your behalf in the amounts and on the dates you specify. For example, online bill payment is easier and less expensive than generating and mailing a paper check. Your bank may offer free bill pay services; if so, this saves the expense of ordering checks and buying stamps. Checks will be generated and mailed by your bank at your authorization. Plus, the checks will have the vendor names directly on your bank statements, next to the amount of the check and check number. This is not true for traditional checks. Meanwhile, online banking is also opposed by traditional bankers because a huge percentage of profit is taken away by the portal providers and the bankers are left to play as brokers who bring two parties together. But there are many online services provided by online banking that eased the customers and the banks. The transactions provided by online banking are cheap as compared to branch service and phone transactions. It is easy to set up a bank and the customers get wide range of banking options online. Online banking services include the provisions for ATMs and anytime anywhere anyhow banking that is also called Martini Banking. The automated service of online banking helps customers to easily set up an account and withdraw money at any time. The customers can get a mini bank statements and balance inquiry through ATMs that are widely available even in remote locations. The online banking service reduces traveling cost of the customer and anytime requirement of money is fulfille d. Many billings can be done from home; office through online banking and shopping can be done without carrying heavy cash in pocket. Banks are benefited from online banking as the overhead operation cost gets reduced and repetitive paper tasks can is prevented. The automated systems have better efficiency and control on a job and a proper documentation of all transactions can be availed anytime by the banks. Thirdly, online banking is fast, efficient and effective. Through the internet, transactions are typically performed and executed at a faster rate than ATMs. In addition, online banks give you the ability to handle several bank accounts such as checking, savings, CDs, and IRAs from one site. The majority of banking sites are also compatible with programs like Quicken and Microsoft Money, so as to allow for more effective management of assets. Moreover, if you need to verify your bank account balance, just signing to your banks online services. No more waiting for the bank statement or calling the bank to get your balance. To get an accurate balance, take the banks balance as shown online, subtract any outstanding checks, and add any outstanding deposits. On the other hand, easily download the transactions like banking and credit card transactions. Download banking transactions directly into our financial software as often as we like. If use the ATM card often, this is a must, because it keeps your bank balance current in financial software. So that wont have to worry about keeping all those debit card receipts. Besides that, it doesnt waste time entering credit card charges by hand download them! This is probably one of the biggest advantages of online banking, since entering credit card transactions manually can be very time consuming. It is ubiquity, because if youre out of state or even out of the country when a money problem arises, you can log on instantly to your online bank and take care of business every day. Lastly, online investment can be profitable if conducted with a bit of caution. Familiarity with a complement as well as procession of online investment is essential. Investing tiny amounts primarily helps to revoke a risk factor. Once we have been assured enough, a amounts can be progressively increased. Online investment should be finished after consummate research. Online investigate can be finished in a remoteness of your home. Other resources, similar to newspapers as well as monetary magazines additionally suggest benefit in tracking investment opportunities. The report accessible online is customarily correct as well as reliable, to confirm upon a volume of investment. The websites have been continually updated as well as a accessible report might have been posted only hours ago. Some conjectural monetary websites suggest quotes which have been merely mines old. Online report upon investment is accessible twenty-four hours a day as well as 365 days a year. While internet banki ng makes it easier for you to manage your money, it might make it easier to forget to check how much you have so you can budget. Online banking is a lot like using a credit card; the easy access makes it easier to spend without thinking about why you are spending. You can set up e-mail alerts to let you know how when your account dips below a certain number, but nothing beats looking at it yourself and keeping your checkbook balanced. Also, when you get a credit-card statement in the mail and open it on a monthly basis, you are instantly reminded to check if any strange charges appear on your account. Its easier to forget to keep track of such information online, and youll need to have good money management habits. Disadvantages Internet banking services provide a number of benefits to businesses sector. But while it also has its disadvantages, businesses who are wishing to join the trend need to know its disadvantages as well. Despite the growing popularity of internet banking, it cannot be denied that some people still remain doubtful doing transactions online especially where money is concerned. Although most of the banks already improve their security services in order to reduce people or businesses doubtful about doing online banking, but there are still a lot of disadvantages about this. Below will be a certain disadvantages for businesses sector. The most disadvantage of online banking in business sector will be a requirement for staff in financial department with skill that deal to the computer and browser. As a staff in financial department has a responsible in task such as accessing account information and bank statements, pay bills that related with business, transfer money from one account to another account or apply for a checking, credit or other types of account or apply for loans or even download forms. All of these tasks may require a particular skill from them to maintenance the interest for businesses. Some of the staff may lack of training and experience to complete all of this tasks. Thus, it will influence the daily work in businesses cannot be progress with more smoothly. Besides that, the increasing number of fraudulent bank websites that created by hacker also can be a disadvantage or risk for online banking in businesses. A fraud banking sites will bring a lot of impact for businesses because it causes the staff in financial department confuse with the fraudulent websites. The purpose of hacker to create fraudulent banking websites was believe to aim to trick businesses disclose their sensitive information. If businesses login into this kind of websites, then the disclosure financial statement or information might be happen. Additionally, it may possible also influence the staff in financial department cannot fully complete variety of task because access the fraudulent banking websites. Thus, it will bring an impact for the overall operation in businesses. Not only for this, fraudulent bank websites that created by hacker will try to send a fake email to some businesses in order to get their confidential information. Hacker will try to verify related company confidential information through guide them enter into fraud links. When businesses not realize that is fake email and access into the fraud links, it might possible disclose their particular account information or password. Hackers can break into nearly any computer system. Any online bank site you consider should have statements on the type of security they use. You should also e-mail the bank or head to the bank branch to find out exactly what would happen if there were a security breach and press the point or go to another bank if the answer is vague. In general, you should think of your money as being as safe online as it would be in a vault, but it is your responsibility to find out just how secure the bank is, if they keep their security systems up-to-date. Finally, you shou ld also make sure that you use security software on your personal computer to reduce the chance that anyone can get your personal data. Furthermore, another disadvantage for online banking that is computer and browser from particular businesses will affect by viruses and worms that hide in the fraudulent website and email. When businesses received some suspicious email and open it or access some fraud some links, a Trojan program named Trojan horse program will install our computer immediately and secretly. This kind of program was hidden in computer and we might not realize it since the program already installed in our computer. When businesses do not realize that and access the fraudulent websites or read the suspicious email, the function of the program will been active and try to capture businesses account and password. Through by this, the hacker can access the account and capture any information about the account. The main issue for most people is that of trust. They may wonder if their transaction went through successfully or if they clicked on the correct button. The best way to overcome this uneasiness is to make a habit of printing the transaction receipt. Keep this receipt until your bank statement or online account view confirms that you have successfully executed the transaction. Online banking sites can also take a while to start up and can be difficult to learn at first. Some banks require customers to provide some form of photo identification in addition to signing a form at one of their branches. Spouses may also have to sign a power of attorney if you both plan to access and handle your accounts together online. In addition to all of this, it may take a while to learn how to use your banking site. Most if not all banks will offer an online banking tutorial. Some even offer live customer support for online banking via chat, email, or phone. Clearly, online banking has both advantages and disadvantages. It simplifies life for some people and for them it is frankly a better way to bank. For others it may be a little more complex and downright intimidating. In light of these two perceptions, more and more banks are offering online banking as a viable option for their customers. Lastly, one of the biggest disadvantages is the absence of a physical location. Being able to make deposits to a physical bank account assures peace of mind; you dont have to wonder if your check is lost in the mail or when its going to be credited to your account. Conclusion Banking is one of the most important parts of our society and economy. Banks provide the basic lending capital for all of the transactions of our economy. Without them we would indeed be in a bad spot. Even with them sometimes we are in it really bad-such as now with the financial crisis, which is really a bank crisis. Without a bank how would you borrow money to purchase a car or a home? By collectively pooling our money in a lending institution we can make life so much easier for everyone around us. This is particularly the case when we dont have a great deal of capital ourselves. Very few of us actually have the money to spend on large purchases. Because banks are so important you need to know about a great new option many of them offer. In our highly technological world there are some great conveniences resulting from the internet. The internet allows us to share large amounts of information with great speed. We can look up all sorts of interesting information, send each other em ails, and write fascinating blogs. Another thing we can do is to look at important banking information and make important transactions. We buy and sell all sorts of things on the internet. Did you know that you can also do much of your banking online? You can check your balance and you can transfer all sorts of money around from checking and savings. There are all sorts of options that online banking will offer you, but you need to know some things about it first. As a conclusion, online banking is very useful to every layer of people in this community. It is more convenient and easy to use. Beside from that, by using online banking, it save a lot of time and cost among each other and people no longer have to queue up in a long line at a counters to wait for their turn for personal or business purpose.

Grace And Sin :: essays research papers

Grace In order to completely understand the theology of grace you have to take a look at Augustine, Aquinas, Luther, Rahner, Segundo, and Boff, and how they understood what grace was. Their theories on grace have some valid points and yet they also have some invalid points. Augustine took a personal approach to grace and he believed in the massa damnata, which basically means that on the whole people are damned. He said before the original sin, you had a choice to be good or evil. Also, Augustine said that there is a double predestination, which means only some people are chosen before they are born if they are going to go to heaven. I don’t agree with this because it is basically saying that there is no salvation for all people. Aquinas thought that grace was added to nature and it elevates nature. He wrote the Summa, which demonstrates the beatific vision. The beatific vision is when the mind is unified to God. Aquinas’ theology is dualistic which displays natural and supernatural as separate entities. I don’t believe in his beatific vision because I believe that God allows us to make our own choices out of free will so our mind cannot be unified with Him. Unless I am wrong, this is saying God knows what is going to happen before it happens. If this is the case why do we have suffering; because God gave us free will. Luther viewed grace through his own view of himself as a sinner. He was so obsessed that he confessed his sins seven times a day. He said that grace is a favor of God and it heals a person’s sinfulness. He said that Jesus’ word was a vehicle of grace and that grace cannot be merited. I think his views on grace are not very good only because he views God as an active member and humans as a passive one. In order to be truly graced I believe that both parties need to be active and involved. Rahner believes that grace is intrinsic to nature and he also believes in Anonymous Christianity. This theory is that every person on this Earth is a Christian even if you do not know it. I don’t agree with this theory because, once again God gives everyone free will and this allows people to believe the way they want to. Boff says grace is a relationship with the trinity. I agree with this because it consists of showing love and devotion to all three persons of our one God. He also said that liberation is the key to grace. I some what agree with

They Call Me Anti-American :: essays research papers

Every time I have returned from Honduras I have gone into severe culture shock. It takes me many months to adjust to my native country. This may sound strange to many and others must surely think me insane for saying this thing. They probably wonder how one can experience culture shock in their homeland. To understand it one would have to open their eyes to some basic truths. Most do not want to admit to these truths. They exhibit all of the classic signs of those who have been indoctrinated into to the more controversial cults even down to the classic syndrome which CIA experts in the thought modification business term the â€Å"slide response.† In this response the person being confronted with the truth, or with the wrongness of their actions will attack desperately with illogical arguments. In severe cases they completely â€Å"shut down† mentally rather than face what their subconscious mind tells them to be true. One of the greatest ironies of today is the USA touting itself as the land of the free while individuals in many other nations – particularly some developing nations – enjoy more liberty than many Americans. The US is saturated with federal, state and local laws seeking to regulate and control individuals. That is not the case in many of the so-called third world nations I have visited. Politicians in this country would like for us to believe that the people would be like little lost children without their guidance and, more importantly, their protection. The latest tactics being used are trumped-up threats of terrorist bogeymen to frighten people into even greater submission.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Perhaps they are right and we have lost the ability to care for ourselves. Americans have been softened by consumerism. Generations of children have been dumbed down through entertainment and the educational system. The latest generation of children is being raised in an environment of tight security. Schools are heavily monitored with cameras, metal detectors, frequent locker searches, police presence and even the new RFID tags. When they become adults, this will all seem normal to them. They will not even remember a time when it was not this way. The essence of liberty is the lack of restraint on the individual. Freedom thrives when individual liberty is unbound. In America, the gospel of security is preached as the defense of freedom but it is a false gospel. In the context of the so-called War on Terror, this new security is actually the greatest threat against our freedom.

The Cowardly Rev. Arthur Dimmesdale in Hawthornes The Scarlet Letter :: Scarlet Letter essays

The Scarlet Letter:   The Cowardly and Weak Dimmesdale    In the book The Scarlet Letter, the character Reverend Dimmesdale, a very religious man, committed adultery, which was a sin in the Puritan community. Of course, this sin could not be committed alone. His partner was Hester Prynne. Hester was caught with the sinning only because she had a child named Pearl. Dimmesdale was broken down by Roger Chillinsworth, Hester Prynne’s real husband, and by his own self-guilt. Dimmesdale would later confess his sin and die on the scaffold. Dimmesdale was well known by the community and was looked up to by many religious people. But underneath his religious mask he is actually the worst sinner of them all. His sin was one of the greatest sins in a Puritan community. The sin would eat him alive from the inside out causing him to become weaker and weaker, until he could not stand it anymore. In a last show of strength he announces his sin to the world, but dies soon afterwards. In the beginning Dimmesdale is a weak, reserved man. Because of hi s sin his health regresses more and more as the book goes on, yet he tries to hide his sin beneath a religious mask. By the end of the book he comes forth and tells the truth, but because he had hidden the sin for so long he is unable to survive. Dimmesdale also adds suspense to the novel to keep the reader more interested in what Reverend Dimmesdale is hiding and his hidden secrets. Therefore Dimmesdale’s sin is the key focus of the book to keep the reader interested. Dimmesdale tries to cover up his sin by preaching to the town and becoming more committed to his preachings, but this only makes him feel guiltier. In the beginning of the story, Dimmesdale is described by these words; â€Å"His eloquence and religious fervor had already given earnest of high eminence in his profession.†(Hawthorne,44). This proves that the people of the town looked up to him because he acted very religious and he was the last person that anyone expected to sin. This is the reason that it was so hard for him to come out and tell the people the truth. Dimmesdale often tried to tell the people in a roundabout way when he said â€Å"†¦though he (Dimmesdale) were to step down from a high place, and stand there beside thee on thy pedestal of shame, yet better were it so, than to hide a guilty heart through life.

A White Girls Burden

â€Å"A white girls Burden†, written Amy Finnegan is an article about a social movement, which happened in 2012, this is most commonly referred to as Kony 2012. This movement was started by a group of 3 regular Californian guys who had typical lives who were motivated to started an organization on this situation which is called invisible children, which was first formed in 2003. The video titled â€Å"Kony 2012† is 30 minutes long and quickly made an appearance on many social networks and newspapers across North America, â€Å"sparking wide spread concern about the lords resistance army (LRA) war in central Africa†.Finnegan, 2013). Once this video became viral thousands of people became moved about this issue and started to help fundraise thousands of dollars to help the cause from all ages of people. â€Å"Invisible children mobilizes predominantly young, privileged, evangelical Christian, female Americans to participate in a unique form of† non-wave-maki ng activism† (Finnegan, 2013). Aside from fundraising people were also reaching out to all the contacts and sources they had to further raise the awareness of the war in Africa. Soon after the video was released invisible children had already raised 1 million dollars after a week.The founders of the organization â€Å"invisible children† all had faith and were into religion, however they did not want to mix religion and business. Invisible children made a social movement unlike many others, through social medial and non-violent actions. â€Å"Distinct from activism that seeks to make social change by engaging institutions through civil disobedience or public protests, invisible children promotes legal, institutional forms of engagement. † (Finnegan, 2013). Some major events that invisible children has achieved is hosted the largest lobby day ever about an African issue in U.S history, they have also successfully gained several minutes of unscheduled airtime with Oprah to raise awareness about this conflict. In â€Å"less than an year, of the lords resistance army disarmament and northern Uganda recovery act, at a bipartisan piece of legislation that mandated that the Obama administration provide funds for the northern Uganda recovery and transitional Justice initiatives, and eventually send 100 military advisors to the region in October 2011† (Finnegan, 2013). Invisible children have also being contacted by George Clooney, and other popular films like Blood Diamond.However there are 3 ain problems discussed in this article regarding invisible children, firstly the media seemed to misrepresent Uganda and what one knows about it. Secondly, † invisible children also promoted policies that are highly controversial† and lastly † Americans shallow an ill-informed understanding of Africa, and a distorted picture of their own role in social change. † (Finnegan, 2013). Invisible children have focused on gaining the att ention on young people because these types of people are the future and are becoming more passionate and involved in stories and issues similar to this concern all around the world.Mobilizing young people to become active on these issues is very important and very effective to changing the world, young people are more socially active online and do participate in other subjects such as invisible children and stopping Joseph Kony. This issue is still going on but has gotten better; problems like this cannot be solved overnight but throughout the past 2 years have made a significant ditterence and will continue to get better. Because ot the generous donations and support a lot has been done regarding this issue and has led others to become aware of different problems, situations, organizations, and groups around the world.